Course contents

Module 10 · Mock Exam 3 & Final CPE Simulation · Lesson 40

Writing Polish & Exam Day

Register, cohesion, and the day itself

CEFR C245–60 minWriting polish & exam-day languageCore

Warm-up · Section 1

4 min

Get talking

reflection
Walking-in sentence draft

Draft your ONE-LINE walking-in sentence — the sentence you'll say to yourself the morning of the real exam. Keep it under 15 words. Use course language.

discussion
Polish vs panic

In the last 24 hours before the exam, candidates either POLISH or PANIC. What's ONE polish move you'll make and ONE panic move you'll REFUSE?

activity
Between-papers reset

Between Reading and Writing, between Writing and Listening — you have 15 minutes. What will you do in those minutes? Be specific.

Grammar focus · Section 2

8 min

Cohesion at scale — given-new chains and recycled nouns

Quick rule

Cohesion lifts Communicative Achievement by making the writer's argument visibly tracked. Two techniques close the last band gap: (1) GIVEN-NEW CHAIN — every new sentence opens with given (mentioned) information and closes with new (target) information; (2) RECYCLED NOUNS — replace generic 'this/that/it' with the specific noun ('this approach', 'this assumption', 'this trade-off'). Together they make a paragraph feel inevitable rather than assembled.

Examples

WITHOUT cohesion: 'Public consultation helps. But it costs money. There are also delays. Most cities still use it.'

WITH given-new chain: 'Public consultation reliably improves outcomes. Those outcomes, however, come at a measurable cost — in money and in time. The cost-benefit balance is the question most cities must now answer.'

RECYCLED NOUN (replace 'this'): 'This [→ THIS TRADE-OFF] is what most planning departments struggle to articulate.'

Density target: ONE given-new chain per paragraph + at least TWO recycled-noun substitutions per essay.

Quick check

Question 1.Which paragraph has a given-new chain?

Question 2.Best recycled-noun replacement for 'This is hard to articulate':

Question 3.Why do given-new chains lift Communicative Achievement specifically?

Question 4.Density target per essay:

Question 5.Time cost in the 7-minute edit window:

Answer all items, then check.

Vocabulary · Section 3

6 min

Words & phrases to own

1

register cell

the precise combination of formality + familiarity + purpose required by a genre

e.g. Proposal-to-manager register cell: semi-formal, low-familiarity, persuasive.

Use it now

Name the register cell for ONE of your homework drafts.

↻ Recycled in reading

2

given-new chain

the cohesion technique where each sentence opens with given info and closes with new

e.g. The given-new chain makes the paragraph read as an argument, not a list.

Use it now

Convert one of your Mock-3 paragraphs into a given-new chain.

↻ Recycled in writing

3

recycled noun

the specific noun that replaces generic 'this/that/it' to name what the thread is about

e.g. Recycled nouns ('this trade-off', 'this assumption') name what the thread is about — major Communicative Achievement marker.

Use it now

Replace TWO 'this/that' in your last draft with recycled nouns.

↻ Recycled in writing

4

the walking-in sentence

the one-line sentence you say to yourself the morning of the exam

e.g. My walking-in sentence is 'Anchor and commit — the work is done'.

Use it now

Draft yours now.

↻ Recycled in conversation

5

between-paper reset

the 15-minute protocol between papers — water, breath, one line, do not review

e.g. Between-paper reset: water, three slow breaths, my walking-in sentence, hands on the desk. NOT reviewing answers.

Use it now

Write your reset protocol in 4 lines.

↻ Recycled in exam-skills

6

the last 60 seconds

the script for the final minute of any paper — commit unmarked, check name, breath

e.g. Last 60 seconds: commit any unmarked answer, check name and number, one slow breath, hands off the desk.

Use it now

Write your last-60-seconds script.

↻ Recycled in exam-skills

Activate the language

Pair / group discussion

  • Of given-new and recycled nouns, which is harder for you to deploy DURING drafting — and which fits better in editing?
  • What's the difference between a 'walking-in sentence' and a study mantra? Why does the difference matter?

Complete each stem about yourself

  • My register cell for P1 essay is ______.
  • My walking-in sentence is ______.
  • My between-papers reset is: 1) ______ 2) ______ 3) ______ 4) ______.
  • My last-60-seconds script is: ______.

Rank & justify

Rank by which is hardest to maintain under exam stake-perception:

  • register consistency
  • given-new chain
  • recycled nouns
  • cleft closer
  • calibrated recommendation

Quick write (60 seconds)

Write your own 30-word personal Writing polish rule starting 'When I have 7 minutes to edit, I…' — use today's terms.

Pronunciation · Section 4

3 min

The morning-of anchor read-aloud (60 seconds, even tempo)

The morning of the real exam, read your one-page protocol AND your walking-in sentence aloud for 60 seconds at an even tempo. Not as recitation — as ANCHORING. The voice carries the script into procedural memory the morning brain can deploy under stakes. Drill the tempo NOW so it deploys cleanly.

  • ANchor and COMmit ↘ ‖ the WORK is DONE ↘.
  • WHEN the STAKES feel REAL ↘ ‖ I ANchor and COMmit ↘.
  • FEW would disPUTE that ↘ ‖ on the BALance of the EVidence ↘.
  • WHAT I'm REACHing for is ↘ ‖ on the BALance of the CASes ↘.

Reading · Section 5

8 min

Band-5 essay annotated for register and cohesion

Cambridge-style marker annotation · P1 essay · 250 words

Band-5 essay annotated for register and cohesion

Notice how the annotations highlight register-marker words (formal vocabulary, calibrated modals), given-new chains (each sentence opens with given info and closes with new), recycled nouns (specific replacements for 'this/that'), and the cleft closer that lands the essay.

Annotations show register consistency, given-new chains, recycled nouns, cleft closer · Exemplar


PROMPT: 'In rebuilding public spaces, is initial public reaction a useful guide for designers?'

Few would dispute [REGISTER: formal opener] that the rebuilding of public spaces is among the most contested civic projects of the present decade. The Marshall Square redesign — completed first, criticised loudest, praised three years on — has become the most-cited European case in planning curricula. THIS PATTERN [RECYCLED NOUN] of initial resistance followed by gradual acceptance is now widely documented; THE PATTERN'S [GIVEN-NEW CHAIN: 'pattern' carries forward] practical implications, however, remain contested.

On the balance of the cases reviewed [CALIBRATION], initial public reaction is a poor guide to long-term satisfaction. The reason, on the evidence, is structural: first use is dominated by novelty, second use by adaptation, third use by genuine response. THIS LAG [RECYCLED NOUN] — roughly eighteen months across comparable European programmes — is precisely the window in which the public moves from reaction to use, and from use to evaluation.

I'd push back [REGISTER: hedged stance], however, on the assumption that all initial reaction is therefore noise. Roughly one in five cases involves substantive criticism that the lag period exists to address. THIS MINORITY [RECYCLED NOUN] is where targeted design adjustment matters most.

It is the framing of consultation, not the act of consultation itself, that needs revisiting [CLEFT CLOSER]. Designers should consult at use three, not use zero — and weight the substantive minority over the novelty majority. Such a shift would not slow redesign; it would, on the balance of the evidence, accelerate the moment at which redesign begins to repay its costs.

Question 1.The opener 'Few would dispute that…' is which kind of marker?

Question 2.'THIS PATTERN' instead of 'this' — what's the cohesion move?

Question 3.Which sentence is the CLEFT CLOSER?

Question 4.The ASSERTION → CONCESSION+COUNTER move appears in which paragraph?

Question 5.The given-new chain in paragraph 1 is built around which word?

Answer all items, then check.

Listening · Section 6

8 min

Three candidates on exam-day morning protocols

Notes

Pre-listen brief — three recent CPE candidates on the morning OF the real exam

  • Listen for: morning protocol (in order) per candidate.
  • Note each candidate's anchor phrase verbatim.
  • Decide: which protocol most closely matches what YOU could realistically do.

Listening audio

Tap play to listen. Scrub the bar or use ± 5 s to jump.

Show transcript

Candidate 1 (Italian, m, Band 5):My morning was deliberately uneventful. I woke at the normal time, ate the normal breakfast, walked to the centre. The protocol was: read the one-page sheet on the train — five named fixes, three marker phrases, walking-in sentence — and then put it away. At the centre, I didn't talk to the other candidates. Sat alone, water, one slow breath, my walking-in sentence — which was 'on the balance of three mocks, I commit at 20 seconds'. The phrase carried me through the first ten minutes of Reading, after which the work itself took over.

Candidate 2 (Spanish, f, Band 5):On the balance of how my mocks went, I knew my biggest risk was the cascading freeze in Listening. So my morning was specifically calibrated for that — I drilled the L33 freeze rule once, in my head, in the queue. 'Pencil guess, listen for the next item.' That was my anchor phrase. Between Reading and Listening, I had fifteen minutes — water, three breaths, the freeze-rule phrase three times, hands flat on the desk. Did the freeze happen? Yes — twice. Did it cascade? No. The phrase deployed and I lost one mark instead of four.

Candidate 3 (Scottish, m, Band 5):What I'd push back on is the temptation to do MORE on the morning of. My protocol was the smallest one in our study group. Walking-in sentence: 'Anchor and commit — the work is done.' I read it three times on the train, said it once at the door, and then went into the exam. Between papers, I literally did nothing except water and three breaths — I refused to review answers because reviewing inflates risk-perception. After all four papers, my friends had reviewed twice as much and felt half as confident. The discipline of doing nothing between papers is the under-talked-about skill.

Question 1.Candidate 1's walking-in sentence was:

Question 2.Candidate 2 specifically calibrated her morning for which risk?

Question 3.Candidate 3's central claim about between-papers behaviour:

Question 4.What did all three candidates have in common?

Question 5.Candidate 3's walking-in sentence was:

Answer all items, then check.

Visual stimulus · Section 7

3 min

The register matrix — five Writing genres × tone markers

Memorise the register cell for each genre. The wrong opener or closer for the wrong genre is a Communicative Achievement penalty that no amount of grammar polish fixes.

Notes

Register matrix — five Writing genres

  • ESSAY (P1) — formal-essayist · opener: 'Few would dispute that…' / 'It is widely accepted that…' · closer: cleft + calibrated · markers: nominalisation, calibrated modals, recycled nouns.
  • PROPOSAL (P2) — semi-formal persuasive · opener: 'This proposal sets out…' · closer: 'On the balance of the evidence, the recommended course is…' · markers: headed sections, calibrated recommendation, evidence-led.
  • REPORT (P2) — semi-formal neutral · opener: 'This report investigates…' · closer: 'The findings suggest…' (NOT recommend — report describes) · markers: headed sections, hedged claims, factual register.
  • REVIEW (P2) — semi-formal evaluative · opener: 'Few cultural events this year have drawn the attention of…' · closer: 'On balance, [X] earns its place because…' · markers: evaluative voice, specific detail, honest negatives, calibrated recommendation.
  • EMAIL/LETTER (P2) — formality varies; opener-closer MUST match · formal: 'Dear Ms Patel / Yours sincerely' · semi-formal: 'Dear Lina / Best wishes' · markers: register triangle from L32 (formality × familiarity × purpose).
  • RULE: opener and closer match within the genre's register cell. Mismatch = Communicative Achievement penalty.

Discuss in pairs

Which genre is YOUR least-confident register? Circle and drill this week.

Exam skills · Section 8

3 min

Write your exam-day script — morning · between papers · last 60 seconds

Strategy

  1. 1.MORNING: wake time → breakfast (normal!) → travel → arrive 30 min early → one-page protocol read once on transit → walking-in sentence aloud at the door → water at desk → one slow breath → flat hands → begin.
  2. 2.BETWEEN PAPERS: water → three slow breaths → walking-in sentence once silently → hands flat → no review of previous paper → no conversation with other candidates → eyes on the desk.
  3. 3.LAST 60 SECONDS of every paper: commit any unmarked answer (pencil guess if needed) → check name and candidate number → one slow breath → hands off the desk → wait for invigilator.
  4. 4.Carry: one-page protocol (L38) + this script + water + the standard pens/IDs. Nothing else.
  5. 5.What NOT to carry: full notes, vocabulary lists, mock papers, study guides — they pollute the protocol.
  6. 6.REHEARSE the script aloud at least once this week — the morning of the exam, the voice deploys the script automatically.

Example

EXAM-DAY SCRIPT — exemplar. MORNING (Wed 11 June) · 07:00 wake (normal time). · 07:15 breakfast — same as a normal day. NOT a special breakfast. · 08:00 leave for centre — arrive 09:00 (exam at 09:30). · On the bus: read the one-page protocol once. Put away. · At the door: walking-in sentence aloud — 'Anchor and commit — the work is done.' · At the desk: water · one slow breath · hands flat · begin. BETWEEN R&UoE and READING (15 min) · Water · three slow breaths · walking-in sentence once silently · hands flat · eyes down · do NOT review answers · do NOT talk. BETWEEN READING and LISTENING (15 min) · Same protocol + ONE extra: silently drill the freeze-rule phrase ('pencil guess, listen for the next') three times. BETWEEN LISTENING and WRITING (15 min) · Same protocol + silently rehearse the cleft closer for the planned essay. LAST 60 SECONDS of every paper · Commit any unmarked answer (pencil guess if needed). · Check name AND candidate number. · One slow breath. · Hands off the desk. · Wait for invigilator. END OF EXAM · Walk out. Do not debrief with other candidates. Note one held-up moment, one lesson for any future exam. Signed & dated.

Practice · Section 9

7 min

Fill in the blank

Question 1.R&UoE P4 · KEYWORD: BALANCE · 'Considering everything, the evidence supports the proposal.' → 'On the ____ ____ ____ , the evidence supports the proposal.'

Question 2.R&UoE P4 · KEYWORD: SUCH · 'A shift like this would accelerate redesign.' → 'A shift ____ ____ ____ would accelerate redesign.'

Question 3.R&UoE P4 · KEYWORD: WHAT · 'The framing is what needs revisiting, not the act.' → '____ ____ ____ revisiting is the framing, not the act.'

Question 4.R&UoE P4 · KEYWORD: FAR · 'The new approach is much better than the old.' → 'The new approach is ____ ____ ____ the old.'

Answer all items, then check.

Writing · Section 10

4 min

Put it in writing

Your task

POLISH ONE PARAGRAPH OF YOUR OWN (4 min). Take one paragraph from your Mock-3 Writing draft. Visible moves: (1) opener register-checked, (2) one given-new chain installed, (3) at least one recycled noun replacing 'this/that', (4) closer line landed with a cleft OR a calibrated claim. Submit ORIGINAL and POLISHED.

  • Original paragraph (your own).
  • Polished paragraph — visible moves marked.
  • Register-cell named for the genre.
  • Given-new chain visible.
  • Recycled noun visible.
  • Closer line landed.

Before you submit

  • Register cell named.
  • Opener register-marker present.
  • One given-new chain installed.
  • At least one recycled noun.
  • Closer line is cleft OR calibrated.
  • Word count flat (polish, not expansion).
Show model answer

POLISH — sample. ORIGINAL (Band-3): 'Consultation is good. It helps a lot but it takes time. People need to wait. This is a problem. We should still do it.' POLISHED (Band-5): 'Public consultation reliably improves outcomes [REGISTER: calibrated opener]. Those outcomes [GIVEN-NEW: 'outcomes' carries], however, come at a measurable cost — eighteen months on average across comparable European programmes. THIS COST-BENEFIT BALANCE [RECYCLED NOUN replacing 'This'] is where most planning departments hesitate. It is the lag, not the cost itself, that deserves the harder look [CLEFT CLOSER].'

Speaking · Section 11

6 min

Make it a real conversation

Speaking (4 min) — read your walking-in sentence aloud and defend it. Partner challenges: 'why THAT sentence?' / 'isn't 'anchor and commit' just vague self-talk?' / 'how is this different from a positive affirmation?'. Defend using L37 (exam-day script) + L38 (protocol) + today's cohesion-and-register language.

Partner rates the walking-in sentence and its defence.

Is the sentence SHORT, COURSE-LANGUAGE, PROCEDURAL and PERSONAL?

A

All four — short, course language, procedural, personal

Walk into the exam with it. This is what we built.

B

Short and course language, but generic

Add a personalisation — one mock-evidence detail makes it stick under stakes.

C

Personal but too long

Cut to under 15 words. The sentence must deploy in one breath.

D

Aspirational rather than procedural

Convert from 'I will…' to a procedural verb ('anchor', 'commit', 'land').

Useful phrases

  • On the balance of three mocks, ______.
  • What this sentence does is ______, where an affirmation would ______.
  • It's the procedural function of the sentence, not its content, that ______.
  • Building on the protocol from L38, the walking-in sentence ______.

Optional · Teacher-led

Teacher Activities

If time allows. ~12 min total

Homework · Section 12

Take-home

Take it home

writing

Final polish pass on ONE of your Mock-3 Writing tasks (essay OR proposal OR report OR review OR email). Apply: register-cell check, given-new chain per paragraph, at least three recycled-noun substitutions, cleft OR calibrated closer. Submit ORIGINAL and POLISHED side by side.

writing

Finalise your exam-day script. Sign and date. Read aloud once per day for the next 5 days. Pin alongside the one-page protocol. Bring both on exam day in a single envelope.

speaking

Record yourself reading your walking-in sentence aloud at the L40 morning-of tempo (even, slightly slow, falling intonation on the final syllable). Listen back: does it sound like an instruction to yourself, or a wish? Re-record until it sounds like an instruction.

grammar

Build a personal register-cell card for ALL five Writing genres — one card per genre, opener and closer pair memorised verbatim. Pin to desk for last-week drilling.

Recap · Section 13

Wrap-up

What you've learned

  • Cohesion lifts Communicative Achievement: given-new chains + recycled nouns + cleft/calibrated closers.
  • Register-cell match is non-negotiable — opener and closer must match the genre's register cell.
  • Exam-day script removes morning-of decisions: morning protocol + between-paper reset + last-60-seconds script.
  • Walking-in sentence is SHORT, COURSE LANGUAGE, PROCEDURAL, PERSONAL. Carries you through the first ten minutes.
  • The course closes here. Walk into the exam knowing the work is done — anchor, commit, land.

Lesson complete

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